The Amazon biome covers about 49.5% of Brazilian territory and is characterised by high biodiversity and significant freshwater resources. However, its ecosystems have been threatened by deforestation and forest degradation, most of which is illegal. It is estimated that 90% of the deforested area is used for extensive cattle ranching and agricultural production (Mapbiomas, 2022). In addition, conversion of native vegetation, unsustainable use of natural resources, land conflicts, violation of labour rights and the rights of Indigenous and traditional peoples, and gender inequality are some of the major problems encountered in Amazonian ecosystems.
Agriculture has great economic and cultural importance in the region and represents the basis of life for many rural families. However, incentives for adopting sustainable practices and opportunities for farmers to prove compliance with environmental and social standards are still lacking.
Considering the pressure of international markets to assure that agricultural production is decoupled from deforestation, vulnerable groups risk being excluded from such markets, thus reducing opportunities for value addition.